View source for Chapter Five: Water Supply and Sanitation Projects

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== Chapter Five: Water Supply and Sanitation Projects ==

=== Types of Water Supply Schemes ===

Effective Operation and Maintenance calls for an understanding of the types of water supply schemes. The types of water supply schemes are given below:

(a)	Open wells/ Sanitary dug well/ rain water harvesting collections,

(b)	Hand pumps schemes,

(c)	Gravity flow piped water supply schemes,

(d)	Power pump scheme,

(e)	Hand pump fitted with mini power pump schemes or pump and tank scheme based on bore wells or sanitary dug wells,

(f)	Single habitation and multi habitation piped water supply schemes based on surface and ground water,

(g)	The sources of single village and multi habitation piped water supply schemes. These  may be an open well, protected shallow wells, boreholes, infiltration wells, infiltration galleries, rivers, dams, reservoir, and canals.

The water sources that are applicable in Tanzania have been presented in Volume I. It is advised that the user of this volume should consult Volume I for more details and guidance.

=== Components of Water Supply Schemes ===

Piped water supply schemes comprise the following components, the details of which are illustrated in Figure 5.1:

(a)	Source/ intake works,

(b)	Raw water storages and  sumps,

(c)	Transmission system,

(d)	Treatment plan,

(e)	Pumping machinery,

(f)	Disinfection plan,

(g)	Balancing Reservoir,

(h)	Distribution system,

(i)	Water testing laboratories /storage facilities & operators quarters (depending on the size of the scheme),

(j)	Clean water storage/ Reservoir.



[[Image:Figure 5.1.png|750px|center]]








 




'''Figure 5.1: A Typical Flow Diagram Showing a Water Supply System with Different Types of Units/Schemes to Delivery Points for O&M Surveillance Activities'''
(Source: GoI, 2013).

=== Components of Sanitation Schemes ===

The components of sanitation schemes/services and their details have been illustrated in Volume II.



Previous Page: [[Chapter Four: Operation and Maintenance Strategy]] <<  >> Next Page: [[Part_B|Part B: Operation and Maintenance of the Water Supply Sources and Networks]]

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