GENERAL REQUIREMENTS - Revision history

Juma: /* Staff Requirements */

2022-07-21T11:33:29Z

Staff Requirements

Juma: /* Units of pressure and stress */

2022-07-21T11:31:59Z

Units of pressure and stress

Show changes

Juma: /* Units of pressure and stress */

2022-07-21T11:23:25Z

Units of pressure and stress

Juma: /* Health checks */

2022-07-21T11:20:03Z

Health checks

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Juma: /* Overhead power lines */

2022-07-21T11:06:38Z

Overhead power lines

Juma: /* Concrete batching */

2022-07-21T11:03:42Z

Concrete batching

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Juma: /* Noise control */

2022-07-21T10:53:40Z

Noise control

Juma: /* Responsibilities of the Engineer */

2022-07-21T10:48:21Z

Responsibilities of the Engineer

Juma: /* Subcontractors */

2022-07-21T10:40:52Z

Subcontractors

Juma: /* Standard Specification */

2022-07-21T10:33:46Z

Standard Specification

@@ Line 529: / Line 529: @@
 ===Staff Requirements===
 During the operation and maintenance period, the Contractor shall provide supervisory and specialized personnel, skilled and experienced in all aspects of the operation and maintenance of the works. The Contractor's staff shall be sufficient in number to operate the works by day and by night. The contingent of staff may be reduced after 2 months of operation providing the Employers staff had gained enough competence to take over certain functions from the Contractor. This will be done in conjunction with the Engineer and the Employer. Under no circumstances may the plant be left short of operators.
-.38.5	Training of Employer's Personnel
+===Training of Employer's Personnel===
 The Employer may deploy operating personnel at the works 3 months before project completion.
@@ Line 537: / Line 537: @@
 The Contractor shall train these individuals generally in all aspects of the operation and maintenance of the works as appropriate, and for the specific tasks associated with these positions.
-.38.6	The Contractor shall train these personnel for the full duration of the one-year operation and maintenance period.
 The Employer may deploy operating personnel at the works 3 months before project completion.

@@ Line 446: / Line 446: @@
 ===Units of pressure and stress===
-N/m2 	Newtons per square metre<br>
+N/m<sup>2</sup>	Newtons per square metre<br>
 Pa 	Pascals, equal to Newtons per square metre<br>
-kN/m2 	103 Newtons per square metre<br>
+kN/m<sup>2</sup>  10<sup>3</sup>	 Newtons per square metre<br>
-kPa 	kiloPascals, 103 Newtons per square metre<br>
+kPa 	kiloPascals, 10<sup>3</sup>	 Newtons per square metre<br>
 bar 	105 Newtons per square metre<br>
-MN/m2 	106 Newtons per square metre<br>
+MN/m<sup>2</sup>	10<sup>3</sup>	 Newtons per square metre<br>
-N/mm2 	106 Newtons per square metre<br>
+N/mm<sup>2</sup>	10<sup>6</sup>	 Newtons per square metre<br>
-MPa 	MegaPascals, 106 Newtons per square metre<br>
+MPa 	MegaPascals, 10<sup>6</sup>	Newtons per square metre<br>
 .36.8 General abbreviations

@@ Line 326: / Line 326: @@
 The Contractor shall take all necessary precautions to ensure the safety of his employees and all other persons where work is being carried out near overhead power lines.
 Before excavating across any public or private road or track, the Contractor shall give the Engineer ten days notice of his intention to excavate and shall include, in writing, the precautions he proposes to take for the continuance of passage and safety of traffic, and details of the warning signs and lights to be provided and operated. The excavation shall not commence until the written approval of the Engineer has been given.
 The Contractor shall keep in close contact with the police and other officials in the areas concerned regarding their requirements for the control of workmen, movement of traffic, or other matters and shall provide all assistance and facilities which may be required by such officials in the execution of their duties.
 The Contractor shall provide and maintain all equipment necessary to render first aid in case of accidents, snakebites or other emergencies. This equipment shall be kept in readiness at the sites of the works, at camps and wherever the Contractor's staff may regularly live and work. The Contractor shall ensure that there are persons available at all such places with knowledge of simple first aid procedures and able to administer snakebite treatment.
 Every employee whom the Contractor intends to engage on the Works shall successfully undertake a test for typhoid and paratyphoid at an approved hospital or medical centre. The medical certificate for each employee shall be submitted to the Engineer before the employee will be allowed on Site.
 .30	 Inspections by the Engineer during the Defects Liability Period

@@ Line 143: / Line 143: @@
 The Contractor shall familiarise himself with the legislation pertinent to noise generation. The Contractor shall take measures to limit noise levels during construction, taking into account the rural setting of the project.
-.11.11	Traffic control
+===Traffic control===
 Increased traffic, especially heavy vehicle traffic, has the potential to draw complaints from nearby residents. The Contractor shall address any complaints received.
 The Contractor shall comply with all the applicable Laws with regard to road safety and transport. He shall instruct his drivers and equipment operators that vehicles will be expected to comply with all road ordinances, such as speed limits, roadworthiness, load securing and covering.
 The Contractor shall take all the necessary precautions to ensure that uncontrolled fires are not started as a consequence of his activities on Site. The Contractor, subcontractors and all employees are expected to be conscious of fire risks. The Contractor shall hold fire prevention talks with staff to create an awareness of the risks of fire. Regular reminders to his staff on this issue are required.
@@ Line 155: / Line 154: @@
 The Contractor shall be liable for any expenses incurred by any organisations called to assist with fighting fires and for costs involved in rehabilitation of burnt areas/property/persons, shall the fire be the result of the activities of the Contractor.
 The Contractor’s Personnel shall in no way be a nuisance to nearby residents. Any complaints received by the Engineer will be addressed and the relevant persons will be removed from the Site.
@@ Line 164: / Line 163: @@
 Where construction activities require the removal of fences from around private land, the Contractor shall warn occupants at least three days in advance. The Contractor shall reinstate these fences/boundary markers as soon as construction is complete.
 The Contractor shall be responsible for the protection of the public, and public property, from any dangers associated with construction activities, and for the safe and easy passage of pedestrians and traffic in areas affected by project activities.
@@ Line 173: / Line 172: @@
 Fences shall consist of at least three 15mm diameter hemp ropes or 4mm diameter wires, or more if required, stretched tightly between poles, and standards securely planted in solid ground, well clear of the excavation. The poles and standards shall not be more than three metres apart, and where circumstances require, they shall be placed closer. Ropes or wires shall be stretched tight approximately 0.4m, 0.8m and 1.2m above the ground. The Engineer may accept banks of spoil instead of fencing, if of suitable height and form.
 Site vehicles shall be permitted only within the demarcated construction sites or on existing roads, as would be required to complete their specific tasks. Vehicles are not permitted on re-vegetated areas and site traffic shall be limited to prevent unnecessary damage to the natural
 environment.
 All stockpiling sites are subject to the approval of the Engineer. The stockpiles shall be located in demarcated construction sites, or areas such as exhausted borrow pits/quarries. Material stockpiled shall be done so in such a way as to minimise the spread of materials and the impact on the natural vegetation. The Contractor shall ensure that no materials creep into “no-go” areas.
 The Contractor shall reinstate areas used for stockpiling upon completion of the project.
 Where site camps are to be established, the feasibility of removing topsoil from the site, before site establishment, shall be investigated. Removed topsoil shall then be stockpiled for use in rehabilitation of the site camp.
@@ Line 189: / Line 188: @@
 The Contractor shall maintain all site camps and surrounds in a clean, tidy and orderly condition at all times.
 The Contractor shall take all measures necessary to protect surface and groundwater from
-contamination by fuels and lubricants. He shall:
+contamination by fuels and lubricants. He shall:<br>
+i. 	bund all tanks for fuels, oils etc. to contain any possible spills;<br>
 ii. 	provide spill mitigation equipment including absorbents, foam cover spraying
-equipment and oil skimmers;
+equipment and oil skimmers;<br>
 iii. 	establish and maintain an emergency preparedness programme.
 The Contractor shall keep the Site clean and litter free. The Contractor shall provide refuse bins at the work sites and shall be responsible for the disposal of all litter generated by all staff in an approved manner.
 Water for drinking and construction purposes shall be obtained from an approved source.
-.11.21	Concrete batching
+===Concrete batching===
 Concrete batching/mixing equipment shall be located greater than 200m from the nearest watercourse/wetland. The batching site must be bunded with earth berms or sandbags to prevent runoff escaping. Contaminated water shall be allowed to soak away in a soak pit. Waste concrete and cement sludge shall be scraped off the site and disposed of in an approved landfill site.
 .11.22	Existing services and infrastructure

@@ Line 88: / Line 88: @@
 ===Responsibilities of the Engineer===
 The Engineer shall:<br>
-i.	be familiar with the contents of the EMP;
+i.	be familiar with the contents of the EMP;<br>
-ii	monitor the Contractor’s compliance with the environmental requirements on a daily basis and enforce compliance;
+ii	monitor the Contractor’s compliance with the environmental requirements on a daily basis and enforce compliance;<br>
-iii	communicate to the Contractor the advice of the ECO and the contents of the ECO reports and issue site instructions giving effect to the ECO requirements where
+iii	communicate to the Contractor the advice of the ECO and the contents of the ECO reports and issue site instructions giving effect to the ECO requirements where applicable;<br>
-applicable;
+iv	communicate to the ECO, at least ten working days in advance, any proposed actions which may have negative impacts on the environment;<br>
-iv	communicate to the ECO, at least ten working days in advance, any proposed actions which may have negative impacts on the environment;
+v	designate all working areas;<br>
-v	designate all working areas;
+vi	communicate to the ECO any infringements of the environmental requirements and accompany the ECO during site inspections;<br>
 vii	maintain a record of complaints from the public and communicate these to the Employer
-and Contractor;
+and Contractor;<br>
-viii. 	facilitate communication between all roleplayers in the interest of effective environmental management;
+viii. 	facilitate communication between all roleplayers in the interest of effective environmental management;<br>
-ix	monitor the compliance of the Contractor through the ECO reports.
+ix	monitor the compliance of the Contractor through the ECO reports.<br>
 The Contractor shall only conduct construction activities in designated working areas. Limitation of construction activities to specific working areas minimises the impact on the natural environment and facilitates control of the works. Sites shall be divided into working areas and “no-go” areas:
-Working areas are those areas required by the Contractor to construct the works and as approved by the Engineer. These areas include the area of permanent works, borrow areas and haul roads between site and borrow areas. If necessary, the working areas may be demarcated during the construction period. The Contractor shall not be permitted beyond the designated working areas
+Working areas are those areas required by the Contractor to construct the works and as approved by the Engineer. These areas include the area of permanent works, borrow areas and haul roads between site and borrow areas. If necessary, the working areas may be demarcated during the construction period. The Contractor shall not be permitted beyond the designated working areas. “No-go” areas are those areas outside of working areas.
 The Contractor will not be allowed to quarry or remove stones from the surrounding hills as these are mostly of a fossil nature. Permission to quarry needs to be acquired from the relevant authorities.
-.11.5	Protection of flora, fauna, natural features and archaeological material
+===Protection of flora, fauna, natural features and archaeological material===
+The Contractor shall protect natural features, flora and fauna in the vicinity of the project works and prevent or minimise damage or disturbance, specifically:<br>
-The Contractor shall protect natural features, flora and fauna in the vicinity of the project works and prevent or minimise damage or disturbance, specifically:
+i. 	no plant species may be removed unless agreed by the Engineer or unless they are listed as invasive/alien species;<br>
+ii. 	all fauna (including domestic livestock) within and surrounding the site shall be protected; they shall not be caught or killed;<br>
-i. 	no plant species may be removed unless agreed by the Engineer or unless they are listed as invasive/alien species;
+ii.	natural features shall not be defaced or painted or otherwise tampered with, even for survey purposes, unless agreed by the ECO. Any features defaced by the Contractor<br>
-ii. 	all fauna (including domestic livestock) within and surrounding the site shall be protected; they shall not be caught or killed;
+iii.	It is foreseen that a dredging operation will be required from the raw water pumping station to the position of the new intake works in order to be able to lay the intake pipe below the lake bottom in firm soils. Extreme care has to be exercised in order not to disturb the adjacent areas during this exercise and to minimise the impact of the operation.<br>
-Topsoil shall be excavated from the following areas no longer than five days before the start of construction:
+===Conservation and stockpiling of topsoil===
+Topsoil shall be excavated from the following areas no longer than five days before the start of construction:<br>
+i.     all areas to be excavated for the construction of the Permanent Works;<br>
-i. 	all areas to be excavated for the construction of the Permanent Works;
+ii.    areas to be occupied by roads, including temporary roads;<br>
-ii.	 areas to be occupied by roads, including temporary roads;
+iii.   areas for the storage of fuels and oils;<br>
-iii.	 areas for the storage of fuels and oils;
+iv.    areas to be used for batching/mixing of concrete;<br>
-iv. 	areas to be used for batching/mixing of concrete;
+v.     areas for stockpiling of construction materials;<br>
-v. 	areas for stockpiling of construction materials;
+vi.    areas for Contractor’s camps.
 Topsoil shall be excavated to the base of the A-Horizon or approximately 150mm, whichever is deeper, and stockpiled in the area designated by the Engineer. Topsoil shall be stored in piles less than 1m in height. This soil is valuable for its humus and seed content and shall be used for rehabilitation purposes. Grass shall not be removed prior to stripping of the topsoil.
 Topsoil shall not be mixed with any other material and erosion of the topsoil stockpiles shall be prevented.
-.11.7	Erosion control
+===Erosion control===
 No erosion will be tolerated on the Site. The Contractor shall take all reasonable measures to prevent soil erosion resulting from a diversion, restriction or increase in the flow of stormwater or river flow caused by the presence of temporary/permanent works, operations and activities. Erosion prevention measures must be implemented to the satisfaction of the Engineer.
@@ Line 141: / Line 131: @@
 Where soil erosion does occur, the Contractor shall reinstate such areas and areas damaged by the erosion to the satisfaction of the Engineer.
-.11.8	Prevention of pollution
+===Prevention of pollution===
 Pollution could result from the release, accidental or otherwise, of chemicals, oils, fuels, sewage, waste water containing kitchen waste, detergents, solid waste and litter, etc. The Contractor shall ensure that pollution of the ground or water does not occur as a result of any activities on Site.
 Dust is regarded as a nuisance when it reduces visibility, soils private property and is aesthetically displeasing. Dust reduces the palatability of grazing grasses and may retard plant growth.
 The Contractor shall be responsible for the control of dust arising from his operations and activities. Control measures could include regular spraying of working / bare areas with water, at an application rate that will not result in soil erosion.
 The Contractor shall familiarise himself with the legislation pertinent to noise generation. The Contractor shall take measures to limit noise levels during construction, taking into account the rural setting of the project.
 .11.11	Traffic control

@@ Line 64: / Line 64: @@
 The Contractor shall allow for phasing the work to meet the requirements of subcontractors and for varying his programme, or otherwise, to comply with the programme of the subcontractors.
-An Environmental Control Officer (ECO) will be appointed by the Employer to ensure and monitor the implementation of the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) where applicable. The ECO will have the following responsibilities:
+==Environmental constraints==
-i.	To advise the Engineer on the interpretation and enforcement of the environmental requirements;
+===Responsibilities of the Contractor===
-ii.	To supply environmental information;
+The Contractor shall:<br>
-iii.	To undertake regular inspections and submit reports on the Contractor’s compliance with the environmental requirements; these reports shall be copied to the Contractor and Engineer;
+i.     Comply with the environmental requirements contained in this document;<br>
+ii.    Be familiar with the EMP;<br>
-iv.	To demarcate particular sensitive areas and pass instructions through the Engineer
+iii.   Notify the ECO and Engineer immediately in the event of any accidental infringements of the environmental requirements to enable appropriate remedial action to be taken;<br>
-concerning works in these areas.
+iv     notify the ECO and Engineer, at least ten working days in advance, of any activity he measures may be implemented timeously;<br>
-.11.2	Responsibilities of the Contractor
+iv.    Ensure environmental awareness among his employees and subcontractors so that they
+fully aware of, and understand, the environmental requirements and the need for them;<br>
-		The Contractor shall:
+v.     undertake rehabilitation of all areas affected by construction activities to restore them to
+their original states, as determined by the Engineer;<br>
-i.	Comply with the environmental requirements contained in this document;
+vi.    Undertake the required works within the designated working areas.<br>
 i.	be familiar with the contents of the EMP;
 ii	monitor the Contractor’s compliance with the environmental requirements on a daily basis and enforce compliance;

@@ Line 19: / Line 19: @@
 ISO 		International Organisation for Standardisation.
 Where no particular specification is given for any material or item of work, the latest edition of relevant British Standard Specification shall apply.
 In the event of there being a disagreement between the information shown on the drawings and the specification the drawings shall take precedence.
 Any clause that may appear under a given section within this specification shall not be limited to work only of that section but may be applied wherever relevant.
-.4	Units
+==Units==
 In this Specification, on the Drawings, and in the Bill of Quantities, the metric system of dimensioning has been adopted except where it is understood that suppliers and manufacturers are not yet able to provide materials in metric sizes.
 Where dimensions are given in metric units for materials which are only available in Imperial system dimensions, and vice versa, the Contractor may, subject to his obtaining the prior approval of the Engineer, substitute the nearest equivalent available standard size in the other system.
-The Contractor shall, in accordance with the General Conditions of Contract submit to the Engineer for approval the Contractors Documents. These documents shall amongst others include the following:
+==Contractor’s Documents==
-a) Designs of any approved alternatives;
+The Contractor shall, in accordance with the General Conditions of Contract submit to the Engineer for approval the Contractors Documents. These documents shall amongst others include the following:<br>
-b) Construction Report;
+a) Designs of any approved alternatives;<br>
-c) Concrete mix designs;
+b) Construction Report;<br>
-d) Falsework and centering designs;
+c) Concrete mix designs;<br>
-e) Cathodic protection system designs;
+d) Falsework and centering designs;<br>
-f) Pipe specials and fitting designs;
+e) Cathodic protection system designs;<br>
-g) “As Built” documents;
+f) Pipe specials and fitting designs;<br>
-h) Operation and Maintenance manuals;
+g) “As Built” documents;<br>
 Any other designs necessary for the construction works but not specifically mentioned.
-It shall be the responsibility of the Contractor before commencing work to obtain from the Engineer in writing the values and locations of the benchmarks to be used in these Works. All temporary benchmarks shall be referred thereto. The Contractor shall construct such temporary benchmarks as the Engineer may direct and shall agree the levels thereof with the Engineer. The establishment of such temporary benchmarks shall be deemed part of the Contractor's responsibility in setting out the works.
+==Setting out points, lines and levels of reference==
-.7	Setting out
+It shall be the responsibility of the Contractor before commencing work to obtain from the Engineer in writing the values and locations of the benchmarks to be used in these Works. All temporary benchmarks shall be referred thereto.
 The Contractor shall appoint and employ the necessary qualified and experienced staff to set out the Works accurately.
 The Contractor shall establish and locate all lines and levels and be responsible for the correct location of all works.
 Where directed by the Engineer, the Contractor shall take such levels and dimensions as may be required for the purposes of measurement before disturbance of the ground.
 These shall be agreed between the Contractor and the Engineer in writing before any ground surface is disturbed or covered up. Any work commenced without taking the said levels and dimensions shall be measured on the Engineer’s reckoning of their values before disturbance. The Engineer’s decision on this matter shall be final.
 The Contractor shall be solely responsible for and shall provide all labour, tools, lifting tackle, and other equipment required for the construction and checking of the works.
 No operative shall be allowed to execute any type of work which is normally carried out by a skilled trades man, unless the operative is thoroughly experienced and proficient in the trade concerned. Foremen and operatives may be required to demonstrate their proficiency or produce certificates of competence to the satisfaction of the Engineer.
-As each part of the work is carried out, it shall be subject to the approval of the Engineer.
+==Supervision and labour==
 The Contractor will be required to maintain a competent supervising engineer and staff on Site throughout the construction period until completion of the Works, and thereafter as may be required during the Defects Liability Period. The Engineer shall give prior approval to the appointment of this supervising engineer and shall have the authority to withdraw this approval at any time in accordance with the Conditions of Contract.
-.10	Subcontractors
+==Subcontractors==
 Where subcontractors are not nominated, the Contractor shall appoint specialist subcontractors for any sections of the Works described herein in which he is not himself an experienced, recognized and approved operator.
 A subcontractor nominated by the Employer or the Engineer will be required to hold the Contractor indemnified against all claims, accidents, damage or loss occasioned by any act of the subcontractor in the performance of the sub-contract.